在小麦-玉米旋转系统中优化水和管理:在谷物产量,资源利用效率和经济和环境效益方面产生协同效应
Weilin Kong1, Chunhua Gao2, Fengtao Zhao2
1State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
Frontiers in plant science
|February 27, 2026
概括
优化小麦-玉米系统的滴灌和分化肥料应用 (控制释放和尿素) 提高了产量,资源效率和经济回报,同时提高了可持续农业的碳效益.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 小麦-玉米旋转系统的可持续发展需要优化水和管理.
- 当前的做法往往不足以平衡产量,资源效率,经济回报和环境影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估各种水和管理策略对小麦-玉米轮换系统的影响.
- 确定增强产量,资源利用效率,经济效益和环境成果的综合实践,包括碳效益.
主要方法:
- 实地实验于2022-2024年在中国山东省太安市进行.
- 研究了各种肥 (化合物,尿素,控制释放) 和灌方法 (洪水,滴水,微喷水器).
- 使用权重的TOPSIS来全面评估产量,水/使用效率,经济性和环境性能.
主要成果:
- 滴灌加上60%的控制释放肥料和40%的尿素 (T4) 的分割应用,显示出最佳的性能.
- 通过T4处理,每年的系统产量增加了1.08-3.99%,用水效率提高到9.42 kg·m-3,效率提高到34.75%.
- 这一战略实现了最高的净收入 (24,347.9 CNY·ha-1) 和碳效益 (21.38),得到了最高的TOPSIS接近系数 (0.702) 的证实.
结论:
- 将滴水灌与控制释放肥料和尿素的分割应用相结合,是实现可持续小麦-玉米生产的可行途径.
- 这种方法有效地协调了水和资源,促进了高效和低碳的农业实践.
- 这些发现支持在黄海海地区推广这些综合战略,以提高可持续性.
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