基于集中式太阳能发电厂的可持续能源生产系统:社会和水资源供应问题
Jose A Luceño-Sanchez1,2, Mariano Martin2, Sandro Macchietto1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering
|February 27, 2026
概括
在西班牙优化集中式太阳能 (CSP) 发电厂的位置涉及平衡直接正常辐射 (DNI) 和能源需求与用水和社会影响. 这项研究发现,优先考虑DNI和需求,同时避免湿冷却,最大限度地创造就业机会,并支持可再生能源的未来.
科学领域:
- 能源系统工程 能源系统工程
- 可再生能源技术可再生能源技术
- 环境可持续性 环境可持续性
- 社会经济影响评估.
背景情况:
- 全球向绿色能源的转变需要扩大集中太阳能发电 (CSP) 能力.
- CSP需要高的直接正常辐射 (DNI),通常在水资源稀缺的地区发现,这给冷却带来了可持续性挑战.
- 最佳的CSP设施定位要求考虑生产,环境和社会经济因素.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个多目标优化模型来选择西班牙最佳的CSP设施位置.
- 评估五种技术替代场景,考虑生产,环境和社会变量.
- 评估完全可再生电力系统的社会经济影响,包括创造就业机会和投资.
主要方法:
- 开发一个多目标混合整数线性编程模型.
- 包括变量:DNI,温度,土地可用性,用水量和社会影响.
- 在西班牙各地进行区域评估,以在不同的技术场景下选择最佳地点.
主要成果:
- 位置决定主要取决于DNI价值和季节性能源需求,其次是投资成本和社会影响.
- 避免湿冷技术是有利于增强创造就业机会的.
- 一个拥有9个CSP发电厂的完全可再生系统需要大约7850亿欧元的投资,具有0.086-0.093欧元/千瓦时的竞争性水平化能源成本 (LCOE).
结论:
- 该模型通过整合各种决策因素,成功地确定了最佳的CSP位置.
- 战略性技术选择,比如避免湿冷却,可以显著提高就业.
- 在西班牙,CSP的部署是实现可再生能源未来的可行途径,有助于实现国家脱碳和就业目标.
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