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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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编码HDAC5的微蛋白NISM介导核细胞形成和核糖体RNA合成.

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    科学领域:

    • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
    • 分子生物学分子生物学
    • 生物化学 生物化学

    背景情况:

    • 核糖体生物生成对细胞功能至关重要,发生在核细胞内,液体凝聚物.
    • 无序的蛋白质在组织细胞区间 (如细胞核) 中起作用.

    研究的目的:

    • 识别和描述核细胞完整性和核糖体生物发生的新型调节剂.
    • 阐明一种新发现的微蛋白影响细胞核功能和细胞应激反应的机制.

    主要方法:

    • 在HDAC55'-UTR.中编码的微蛋白 (NISM) 的识别.
    • 通过过度表达和淘汰赛对rDNA转录,核结构和细胞增殖产生NISM影响的分析.
    • 生物化学测试和计算建模,以调查NISM与DHX9的相互作用及其在液态-液态相分离中的作用.

    主要成果:

    • 过度表达NISM会损害rDNA转录,诱导核应激,激活p53,并抑制增殖.
    • NISM淘汰会破坏核细胞结构并激活p53.
    • NISM与DHX9相互作用,通过增强DHX9的液-液相分离来调节前核糖体RNA合成,从而协调核细胞形成.

    结论:

    • NISM是核细胞完整性和核糖体生物发生的新型调节剂.
    • 无序的微蛋白可以驱动无膜有机体的形成,如核.
    • NISM的功能突出显示了一种新的机制,它将核应激,蛋白相互作用和细胞命运联系在一起.