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相关概念视频

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

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The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
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Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

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John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
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Associative Learning01:27

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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
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克莱德斯 - - 对比学习增强了与正义正对对合的不同接.

Arghamitra Talukder, Nicholas Keung, Itsik Pe'er

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    此摘要是机器生成的。

    我们开发了一种新的对比学习方法,使用进化保护来预测替代拼接变化. 这种方法有效地将序列映射到拼接结果,在各种生物环境中提高准确性.

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    科学领域:

    • 基因组学就是基因组学.
    • 计算生物学 计算生物学
    • 分子生物学分子生物学

    背景情况:

    • 替代拼接 (AS) 产生了多样化的转录和蛋白质,但由于数据有限和实验变异性,预测特定上下文拼接仍然具有挑战性.
    • 了解控制AS的基于序列的调节机制对于破译细胞复杂性至关重要.

    研究的目的:

    • 开发一种强大的方法来学习使用进化保护的序列到拼接映射.
    • 改进在各种生物环境中对差异拼接事件 (Δψ) 的预测.

    主要方法:

    • 提出了一个对比的表示学习框架,利用进化正义序列作为正对.
    • 利用一个歧视性的目标来调整监管等效的嵌入,并强调保存的信号.
    • 微调了一个用于预测 Δψ 的监督头部,并开发了一个可解释的拼接动机意识分类框架.

    主要成果:

    • 对比的预训练显著提高了对外因子纳入变化的预测 (Δψ).
    • 在对各种基准进行拼接转移 (AUPRC/AUROC) 和竞争回归结果 (RMSE,Spearman) 的分类方面取得了强的表现.
    • 通过拼接动机意识证明了学习表征的生物可解释性.

    结论:

    • 以进化为指导的对比学习为上下文解决的拼接预测提供了一种有效且基于生物学原则的方法.
    • 开发的方法增强了对替代拼接中的基于序列的调节的理解.
    • 这个框架提供了一个强大的工具来分析跨组织和细胞类型的差异拼接.