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相关概念视频

DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

36.4K
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
36.4K
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

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DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
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Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

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Overview
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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Single-Molecule Real-Time Visualization of DNA Unwinding by CMG Helicase
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Single-Molecule Real-Time Visualization of DNA Unwinding by CMG Helicase

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超绕的DNA具有一个自由端.

Daniela Moretti1, Giada Forte2, Giuseppe Gonnella1

  • 1Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari and INFN, Sezione di Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, I-70126, Italy. daniela.moretti@uniba.it.

Soft matter
|February 27, 2026
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

应用扭矩来打开DNA会诱导超卷转换. DNA从膨胀阶段转移到多重性阶段,显示非线性扭曲和局部扭曲动态,具有实验验证的潜力.

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Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET
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Tools to Study the Role of Architectural Protein HMGB1 in the Processing of Helix Distorting, Site-specific DNA Interstrand Crosslinks
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科学领域:

  • 生物物理学的生物物理.
  • 聚合物物理 聚合物物理
  • 计算生物学 计算生物学

背景情况:

  • 对基因组功能来说,DNA超级卷是至关重要的.
  • 了解扭矩下的DNA机制是必不可少的.
  • 开放的DNA末端动态带来了独特的挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 在恒定扭矩下,在开放的DNA中研究超动力学.
  • 分析稳定状态扭曲和扭曲的概况.
  • 探索DNA相间的过渡过程.

主要方法:

  • 粗粒的布朗动力学模拟. 粗粒的布朗动力学模拟.
  • 平均场理论分析.
  • 在施加扭矩下建模DNA聚合物.

主要成果:

  • 观察到相位过渡的临界扭矩值 (膨胀到充血性).
  • 识别了在丰性阶段的非线性,不均的扭曲形状.
  • 证明了扩散扭曲积累和可以忽略不计的扭曲扩散.

结论:

  • DNA超级卷是扭矩依赖的,即使有一个自由端.
  • 积分体形成位于扭矩应用点附近.
  • 结果为单分子实验比较提供了一个框架.