有益的环境通过表观遗传调节促进免疫弹性
Guilherme Dragunas1,2, Markus Klotz1,2, Sirui Chen1,2
1Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
Science advances
|February 27, 2026
概括
接触农场灰尘可以通过重新编程免疫细胞来减少过敏性肺炎. 这种环境因素可能为预防喘等疾病提供一种新的策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 在传统农场上长大的孩子对过敏和喘的发病率较低.
- 环境暴露可以显著影响免疫系统的发育和功能.
- 了解保护性环境因素对于制定预防性健康策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在过敏炎症模型中研究农场灰尘 (FD) 提取物对肺部免疫反应的影响.
- 确定FD暴露能否调节免疫细胞功能和表观遗传修饰.
- 确定潜在的机制,通过环境因素赋予免疫弹性.
主要方法:
- 卵胺诱导的过敏性肺炎模型在小鼠.
- 暴露于农场灰尘 (FD) 提取物.
- 肺免疫细胞的单细胞RNA测序.
- 在骨髓衍生的巨细胞上进行RNA测序和ATAC-seq.
- 对基因表达,表观遗传修饰和免疫细胞招募的分析.
主要成果:
- 暴露于FD显著减少了过敏性肺炎和乙氨基细胞的招募.
- FD增加了单细胞衍生的巨细胞 (MDMs) 招募到肺部.
- 暴露于FD的MDM显示了基因表达的改变,包括抑制的Ccl8和MHCII类表达.
- 在巨细胞中,FD诱导了表观遗传重编程,涉及素脱乙酶活性和PPARγ信号传递.
- 这些效应在人类和小鼠细胞中都被观察到.
结论:
- 有益的环境暴露,如农场灰尘,可以重编程免疫细胞功能和表观遗传景观.
- 暴露于FD会抑制关键的炎症通路和巨细胞中的抗原呈现.
- 这一发现表明了针对过敏性肺病的环境保护的新机制.
- 这项研究突出了通过有针对性的环境干预来预防喘的潜在策略.
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