在美国大陆和波多黎各的医疗保险优势
Lin-Na Chou1, Amit Kumar1, Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez2
1Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, UT.
美国和波多黎各 (PR) 的医疗保险优势 (MA) 招生在残疾人 (PWD) 和末期脏疾病 (ESRD) 的人群中存在显著差异. 普罗显示,部分年期的MA入学率较高,这表明获得机会的差异.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 医疗保险优势 (MA) 为传统医疗保险提供了替代方案,招生人数因人口和地区而异.
- 残疾人 (PWD) 和末期脏疾病 (ESRD) 患者是医疗保险中的关键群体,面临着独特的医疗保健需求.
- 了解这些特定人群的MA入学模式对于评估医疗保健准入和公平性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较残疾人 (PWD) 和末期脏疾病 (ESRD) 患者之间的医疗保险优势 (MA) 入学率.
- 分析这些在美国 (US) 和波多黎各 (PR) 的入学差异.
- 确定MA覆盖率和这些弱势群体获得护理的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自主受益人总结文件 (2008-2022) 的重复横截面数据.
- 包括连续注册医疗保险的受益人,年底还活着.
- 计算的部分年 (≥1个月) 和全年 (12个月) 的MA入学率,比较美国和PR.
主要成果:
- 波多黎各 (PR) 在2022年与美国 (48%) 相比,部分年MA入学率 (84%) 显著提高.
- 美国在部分和全年MA之间,PWD的入学差异为5.7%,ESRD的入学差异为9.1%.
- 在PWD (2.7%) 中,PR的差异较小,但在ESRD (10.0%) 中,部分和全年MA招生之间的差异较大.
结论:
- 在PWD和ESRD亚群中,部分年与全年MA入学的持续差异存在.
- 这些招生模式表明,在医疗保健覆盖率和医疗保健接入方面,美国和中国之间存在潜在的差异.
- 需要进一步调查,以解决这些差异,并确保PWD和ESRD受益人的公平照顾.
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