酸酶的破坏促进了昆虫-细菌的互惠关系
Yayun Wang1,2, Minoru Moriyama1,2, Ryuichi Koga3,4
1Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan.
Nature microbiology
|February 27, 2026
概括
在大肠杆菌 (Escherichia coli) 等细菌中破坏三甲酶基因 (tnaA) 能够与臭虫进行互惠. 这种干扰减少了有毒的,促进了昆虫-微生物共生进化.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 昆虫生物学 昆虫生物学
- 交生研究 交生研究
背景情况:
- 动物-微生物互惠是常见的,双方都受益.
- 之前的一项研究表明,大肠杆菌碳催化剂抑制系统的突变使臭虫共生成为可能,但这种突变在自然共生中不存在.
- 碳催化剂抑制途径影响500多个下游基因,这表明其他遗传因素可能参与了自然共生.
研究的目的:
- 调查下游基因在碳催化剂抑制途径中的作用,以建立细菌和昆虫之间的相互关系.
- 确定负责大肠杆菌和臭虫Plautia stali之间的相互作用的特定基因.
- 探索细菌基因破坏在昆虫共生中的进化影响.
主要方法:
- 研究了破坏大肠杆菌中tnaA基因 (编码酸酶) 对其与Plautia stali.的相互关系的影响.
- 对野生臭虫种群及其微生物共生体 (Pantoea物种) 进行了调查,以发现tnaA基因的存在或不存在.
- 基因改造的Pantoea ananatis缺乏tnaA和一种天然的Pantoea相互利用者,通过将它们转换成一个功能性的tna操作子来评估共生能力.
主要成果:
- 大肠杆菌中tnaA基因的破坏导致与Plautia stali的相互关系,其特点是托的增加和有毒醇水平的降低.
- 野生Plautia stali和其他臭虫通常是缺乏tnaA基因的Pantoea共生体的宿主.
- 虽然带有功能性tnaA基因的Pantoea ananatis无法与P. stali建立共生,但tnaA破坏的P. ananatis显示出部分的共生能力. 将一个自然的Pantoea相互转换成一个功能性的tna操作子显著降低了它的共生能力.
结论:
- 酸酶 (tnaA) 基因的破坏是一个关键因素,可以使细菌与Plautia stali.
- 在天然昆虫肠道共生体中缺少tnaA基因表明,其破坏促进了昆虫-微生物互惠的进化.
- 向基因干扰,特别是酸酶中,代表了昆虫宿主内细菌互利主义者的发展中的重大进化步骤.
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