成年人血液恶性瘤的营养支持干预:系统审查和元分析
Rachel Newman1, Mary Rozga2, Deepa Handu1
1Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Chicago, Illinois.
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
|February 28, 2026
概括
在患有血液癌症的患者中,营养不良很常见. 这次审查发现,营养支持可能有助于减少减肥,但证据质量非常低,需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 基于证据的医学基于证据的医学.
背景情况:
- 营养不良经常影响患有血液瘤的成年人.
- 营养状况不佳可能会对这些患者的治疗结果产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查血液恶性瘤的成年人营养支持干预措施.
- 评估对主要结果 (营养状况,人体测量,停留时间,再入院,生活质量) 和二次结果 (存活率,粘膜炎,GVHD,移植,炎症,成本,摄入) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 搜索 医学,中国, 科克伦中心, 食品科学来源, 运动论坛 (2000-2024年).
- 包括受控试验和观察性研究.
- 使用Cochrane RoB 2和其他工具评估偏差风险 (RoB).
- 通过随机效应模型和量化的异质性 (I2) 进行了元分析.
- 使用GRADE评估证据的确定性.
主要成果:
- 包括21篇文章 (11个RCT,9个队列,1个非RCT) 与2122名参与者.
- 偏差风险在2项研究中低,在11项研究中中度,在8项研究中高.
- 与腹腔营养相比,腹腔营养显示出停留时间的减少 (确定性非常低).
- 个性化营养支持,包括需求计算,有助于减少减肥.
- 与营养状况,体重,再入院,生活质量和次要结果的关联是不确定的 (确定性非常低).
结论:
- 对于所有结果来说,没有单一的营养支持干预措施是优越的.
- 支持目前营养支持的最佳实践.
- 对于初级结局的证据确定性非常低.
- 异质性限制了对二次结果的结论.
- 需要高质量的研究来澄清营养支持的好处.
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