自闭症患者的性别认同发展:采访研究
Robin Michiels1,2,3, Marie Groffi2, Jeroen Dewinter1,4,5
1Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|February 28, 2026
概括
自闭症患者,包括 cisgender 和 trans 和 gender-diverse (TGD),通过个人经验和社会互动来探索性别认同的发展. 这种旅程与自闭症交织在一起,需要有利的环境来促进积极的发展.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 性别研究是性别研究.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 与非自闭症同龄人相比,自闭症患者报告的与性别有关的问题和不一致率更高.
- 现有的关于自闭症人口性别认同的研究缺乏纵向视角,并低估了 cisgender 男人的比例.
- 了解自闭症患者的性别认同发展轨迹,包括 cisgender 和 trans 和 gender-diverse (TGD) 群体,至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索 cisgender 和 TGD 自闭症成年人性别认同发展的实践经验.
- 研究个人,环境和社会因素如何塑造自闭症个体的性别认同.
- 确定与自闭症社区内性别认同发展的过程和现象学相关的主题.
主要方法:
- 对15名自闭症成年人 (27-52岁) 进行了半结构面试.
- 采用定性纵向方法,结合现象学和过程分析,使用卢文定性分析指南 (QUAGOL).
- 让自闭症社区参与研究问题开发,研究设计和结果解释.
主要成果:
- 现象学分析揭示了探索舒适的身份,与他人谈判自我,与社会性别观点互动的主题.
- 过程分析确定了经验学习的主题,性别认同发展的耗时和苛刻的性质,以及对性别的不断变化的观点.
- 与性别相关的问题存在于 cisgender 和 TGD 自闭症个体中,受各种因素的影响,经验不同.
结论:
- 自闭症患者的性别认同发展是与自闭症交织在一起的个人旅程,受个人,社会和社会因素的影响.
- 支持性环境,同龄人联系以及对自闭症诊断的适当概念化对于积极的性别认同发展至关重要.
- 认识到性别探索的苛刻和耗时性质对于理解和支持自闭症个体的性别旅程至关重要.
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