尼奥尼科丁类药物会破坏蜜蜂的飞行,生物能平衡和神经传递
Zepu Gao1, Lin Ji2, Wennan Luo1
1College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; CAU-East Mab Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Screening and Creation of Active Molecules, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|February 28, 2026
概括
诸如伊米达克洛普里德 (imidacloprid) 和弗鲁皮拉迪龙 (flupyradifurone) 这样的类农药会导致蜜蜂和过度活跃. 伊米达克洛普里德更有毒,通过破坏能量和神经递质,影响蜜蜂的生存和飞行.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 农药毒理学 农药毒理学
- 人工智能在生物学中的应用
背景情况:
- 蜜蜂数量下降威胁着生物多样性和粮食安全,新类杀虫剂被认为是主要的压力因素.
- 了解蜜蜂中农药诱导的行为障碍的神经和生理基础至关重要,但由于它们的小尺寸和社会行为,具有挑战性.
- 现有的风险评估方法与动态环境和单个蜜蜂行为跟踪作斗争.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种基于人工智能的系统,用于自动化,高分辨率地跟踪单个蜜蜂的行为.
- 为了分析由新烟类农药伊米达克洛普里德和flupyradifurone引起的特定的行为异常.
- 为了比较imidacloprid和flupyradifurone对蜜蜂的毒性和神经生物学影响.
主要方法:
- 介绍了TCA-YOLOv7,一种没有人工智能标记的全景跟踪系统,采用了增强的YOLOv7架构,具有交叉注意力和旋转变压器模块.
- 实现一个多摄像头阵列,具有几何投影和特征匹配,用于精确的3D轨迹重建多个蜜蜂.
- 对行为,神经生物学和生物化学数据的分析,以评估农药对蜜蜂飞行,生存和生理功能的影响.
主要成果:
- TCA-YOLOv7实现了99.5%的检测准确度,减少了68.4%的跟踪误差,并达到亚毫米空间精度,优于传统模型.
- 蜜蜂接触到伊米达克洛普里德和弗鲁皮拉迪富隆,表现出明显的异常,包括和过度活跃,显著改变了飞行模式.
- 伊米达克洛普里德的毒性明显高于flupyradifurone,在低度 (40μg·L-1) 降低了生存和飞行能力,这两种农药都抑制了ATP的能量供应并破坏了神经递质的传输.
结论:
- TCA-YOLOv7系统为详细分析农药诱导的蜜蜂行为变化提供了一个强大的平台.
- 伊米达克洛普里德和flupyradifurone诱导显著的神经毒性作用,导致异常行为和蜜蜂的飞行能力降低.
- 与flupyradifurone相比,伊米达克洛普里德对蜜蜂的健康和生存构成更大的风险,这凸显了需要仔细监管类杀虫剂的必要性.
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