污染信息披露对就业的影响:来自中国的证据
1School of Economics, Central University of Finance and Economics, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
Journal of environmental management
|February 28, 2026
概括
中国的空气质量披露计划对公司如何应对污染有重大影响. 增加的污染现在导致更多的裁员,由政府执法和工人离职驱动.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 企业社会责任 企业社会责任
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
背景情况:
- 空气污染对环境质量和经济表现都有重大风险.
- 了解企业如何应对环境法规和信息对于可持续发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查空气质量信息披露对应空气污染的企业就业调整的因果关系.
- 确定信息披露影响这些就业反应的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 利用中国A股公司从2005年到2019年的数据.
- 利用2013年启动的中国全国空气质量信息披露计划的外源性冲击.
- 使用计量经济学分析来评估与公开后的污染水平相关的公司就业变化.
主要成果:
- 空气质量信息披露计划改变了企业对空气污染的就业反应.
- 在披露计划之后,空气污染的单位增加导致了公司就业额外减少.
- 关键的驱动因素包括加强政府执法,缺乏对污染的工资补偿,以及高技能工人移民 (脑流).
结论:
- 空气质量信息的披露有效地激励企业减少就业以应对污染.
- 该计划放大了污染对公司业绩的负面影响.
- 因素输入结构没有显著改变,这表明专注于劳动力调整.
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