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相关概念视频

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

10.0K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

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The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
15.3K
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

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One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
13.5K
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.8K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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相关实验视频

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Efficient PAM-Less Base Editing for Zebrafish Modeling of Human Genetic Disease with zSpRY-ABE8e
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Efficient PAM-Less Base Editing for Zebrafish Modeling of Human Genetic Disease with zSpRY-ABE8e

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基于codon优化的基数编辑器可以在大西洋鱼中有效地进行基数替换.

Jinhai Wang1, Jiaqi Wang2, Alexandra Florea2

  • 1The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.

Trends in biotechnology
|February 28, 2026
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

我们优化了大西洋鱼的基础编辑器 (BEs),使用鱼喜欢的编码子,提高基因编辑效率,减少非模型生物体的意外编辑. 这一进步扩大了鱼生物技术的工具箱.

关键词:
大西洋鱼是大西洋鱼.这就是Cas9的情况.水产养殖的水产养殖基础编辑 基础编辑疾病模型的疾病模型.

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Efficient PAM-Less Base Editing for Zebrafish Modeling of Human Genetic Disease with zSpRY-ABE8e
07:31

Efficient PAM-Less Base Editing for Zebrafish Modeling of Human Genetic Disease with zSpRY-ABE8e

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Functional Assessment of BRCA1 variants using CRISPR-Mediated Base Editors
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Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks
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科学领域:

  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 水产养殖 生物技术 生物技术

背景情况:

  • 基因编辑器 (BEs) 是强大的基因编辑工具,但由于代码子使用偏差,在非模型生物中面临挑战.
  • 现有的BEs,如ABE8e和CBE4max-SpRY,针对哺乳动物细胞进行了优化,限制了它们在其他物种中的有效性.

研究的目的:

  • 设计和验证编码器优化的基因编辑器 (ss-ABE8e和ss-CBE4max-SpRY),用于大西洋鱼 (Salmo salar) 的增强基因编辑.
  • 评估这些优化编辑器的效率和特异性,与它们的哺乳动物衍生的对应物相比.

主要方法:

  • 重新设计的ABE8e和CBE4max-SpRY使用大西洋鱼喜欢的编码子.
  • 在鱼细胞中使用体外记者测定验证的性能.
  • 在体内通过微注射到受精的鱼卵中进行了评估,以评估编辑效率.

主要成果:

  • 在大西洋鱼的体外和体内表现出高效的基替代 (ss-ABE8e,ss-CBE4max-SpRY).
  • 与原始BEs相比,工程编辑显示出更高的效率和更低的旁观者活动.
  • 编码于mRNA的BEs的编辑模式比编码于等离子体的BEs低,这可能是由于mRNA的稳定性.
  • 通过突变多个位点,成功诱导蛋白质功能的丧失,以过早停止编码子.

结论:

  • 编码优化显著提高了大西洋鱼的基编辑器效率和特异性.
  • 开发的鱼特定基因编辑器 (ss-ABE8e,ss-CBE4max-SpRY) 为鱼基因编辑和生物技术应用提供了宝贵的工具.