对MSW转化为生物燃料的生命周期评估:一个比较分析
Rahul S Raj1, Siddharth Jain2, Amit Kumar Sharma3
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, UPES, Dehradun-2, 48007, India.
Scientific reports
|March 1, 2026
概括
综合气化是印度最可持续的城市固体废物 (MSW) 到生物燃料的途径. 这种先进的热化学途径比传统的有效废物管理方法提供了显著的环境效益.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 印度面临着城市固体废物 (MSW) 生产的不断升级,每天超过16万,这给传统的处置方法带来了重大的环境挑战.
- 需要可持续和高效的废物转化为生物燃料的解决方案,以减轻MSW日益增加的环境负担.
研究的目的:
- 对七种不同的MSW-to-biofuel路径进行比较的生命周期评估 (LCA).
- 为印度确定最具环境可持续性的MSW管理策略.
主要方法:
- 按照ISO 14040/44指南进行生命周期评估 (LCA),使用1MSW作为功能单位.
- 在五个中点类别中对环境影响的评估:全球变暖潜力 (GWP),土壤氧气耗尽 (SOD),淡水环保化潜力 (FEP),土地利用 (LU) 和水消耗 (WC).
- 综合实验性MSW表征,国家废物统计和敏感性分析以评估不确定性.
主要成果:
- 综合气化 (MIG) 与开放式垃圾填埋,垃圾填埋气体回收,焚烧,化,气化和水热碳化相比,显示出更高的可持续性.
- MIG实现了显著的避免全球变暖潜力 (GWP) -1095公斤CO2eq,大幅节省水 (-1125.61 m3),以及最低的土地使用要求 (-32.39 m2·a).
- 材料流量分析 (MFA) 证实了MIG的质量能量转换效率提高,特别是当与回收过程集成时.
结论:
- 综合气化 (MIG) 是印度最有前途的MSW-to-biofuel途径,提供显著的环境优势.
- 该研究支持优先考虑像MIG这样的先进热化学路线,以开发具有气候弹性,资源效率和循环的MSW管理系统.
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