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使用口腔微生物组对食道状细胞癌的泛化跨大陆预测
Shahd ElNaggar1,2, Wenlong Carl Chen3,4,5,6,7, Leanne M Prodehl8,9
1Program for Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Communications medicine
|March 1, 2026
概括
一个独特的口腔微生物群签名可以准确地检测食道状细胞癌 (ESCC). 这种基于唾液的测试显示了作为早期ESCC检测的非侵入性查工具的潜力,即使在不同人群中也是如此.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 癌症诊断 癌症诊断 癌症诊断
- 口腔健康 口腔健康
背景情况:
- 食道状细胞癌 (ESCC) 是一个重大的健康挑战,早期检测方法有限.
- 通过唾液进入口腔微生物群,越来越多地被认为是上部胃肠道疾病的潜在生物标志物.
- 研究口腔微生物组在ESCC中的作用对于开发新型诊断策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估口腔微生物群签名在分类ESCC中的有效性.
- 确定基于微生物组的ESCC检测模型在不同地理区域的普遍性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及48名ESCC患者和110名来自南非的对照者的横截面研究.
- 使用嵌套交叉验证开发和验证后勤回归模型.
- 对中国持有样本和独立研究的模型性能评估.
主要成果:
- 患有ESCC的患者表现出口腔微生物组合的显著变化,包括减少α多样性和增加Fusobacterium nucleatum.
- 与临床和人口统计数据 (auROC=0.69) 相比,基于微生物组的模型获得了优异的ESCC分类 (auROC=0.96),而不是临床和人口统计数据 (auROC=0.69).
- 在微生物组数据上训练的模型在地理上不同的研究群体中表现出强烈的概括性.
结论:
- 口腔微生物组在ESCC患者中明显不同.
- 识别的口腔微生物组特征可以在未见的和地理上多样化的样本中概括.
- 基于唾液的微生物组分析作为食道状细胞癌的非侵入性查工具具有前途.
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