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相关概念视频

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

537
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
537
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

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In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

285
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
285
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
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[使用埃尔德卡尔西托尔的高血症和功能之间的关系]

Shinji Oda1, Takayuki Miyoshi1, Kenichi Furuta1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital.

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
|March 1, 2026
PubMed
概括

治疗骨质疏松症的埃尔德卡尔西托尔 (ELD) 可能导致高血症,特别是在功能低下的患者中. 一个基线估计的淋巴细胞过率 (eGFR) 低于45.9毫升/分钟显著增加这种风险.

关键词:
埃尔德卡尔西托尔 (ELD) 是一种估计的淋巴膜过率 (eGFR)过高血症的情况.功能 功能 功能

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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

  • 埃尔德卡尔西托尔 (ELD) 是一种维生素D3的类似物,在日本广泛用于骨质疏松症.
  • 高血是ELD已知的副作用,关于其与功能障碍相关的数据有限.
  • 了解这种风险对于患者安全至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究Eldecalcitol治疗患者的功能和高血症之间的关系.
  • 为了确定预测高血症风险的功能障碍的特定值.

主要方法:

  • 对212名接受ELDECALCITOL治疗的门诊患者进行了回顾性研究.
  • 对血清水平和估计的淋巴细胞过率 (eGFR) 的分析.
  • 使用了接收器操作特征 (ROC) 分析和倾向性得分匹配.

主要成果:

  • 超血症发生在17.0%的患者中.
  • 在血清和eGFR之间发现了弱负相关性.
  • 基线eGFR截止值≤45.9毫升/分钟被确定为高血症的预测指标.

结论:

  • 低基线eGFR (≤45.9毫升/分钟) 是Eldecalcitol治疗期间高血症的重要危险因素.
  • 患有功能下降的患者需要更密切地监测水平.
  • 对这些患者来说,可能需要考虑使用阿尔法醇等替代疗法.