工作记忆训练对抑郁症状的影响:随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析
Ayu Bai1,2, Chenran Pei1,2, Xu Li3,4
1Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
Translational psychiatry
|March 1, 2026
概括
工作记忆训练 (WMT) 显示,抑郁症状的短期减少和工作记忆的中等持续改善. 工作记忆的增长与症状的减少有关,但临床效用需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 工作记忆 (WM) 缺陷在抑郁症中很普遍.
- 这些赤字可能代表干预的可修改目标.
- 了解WM训练 (WMT) 对抑郁症状的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析WMT对抑郁症状和WM表现的影响.
- 为了检查WMT效应的潜在调节者.
- 调查WM增长与抑郁症状变化之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在PsycINFO,Embase和PubMed的系统文献搜索 (2022年12月,更新至2025年1月).
- 包括使用WMT作为唯一的认知干预的随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 使用随机效应模型进行元分析;使用Cochrane风险偏差工具评估偏差风险.
主要成果:
- 包括27个RCT,共有1692名参与者.
- 在训练后,WMT产生了微小但显著的抑郁症状减少 (Hedges' g = 0.20),在随访时没有维持.
- 在训练后 (g = 0.61) 和随访时 (g = 0.72) 观察到WM中度改善.
- 训练后的WM增长与随访时的症状减少有积极的相关性.
结论:
- WMT可能针对抑郁症中的可修改机制,显示短期症状益处和持续的WM改善.
- 对于抑郁症的WMT的临床实用性仍然不确定.
- 需要在临床人群中进行更大的RCT,并进行延长的随访,以确认治疗价值.
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