克隆干扰和不断变化的选择性压力塑造了SARS-CoV-2从数百个抗体的逃逸
Hugh K Haddox1, Omar Abdel Aziz1, Jared G Galloway1
1Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
Virus evolution
|March 2, 2026
概括
SARS-CoV-2 病毒的进化使其能够抵抗抗体. 这项研究揭示了突变如何使病毒能够逃脱特定抗体,这是由复杂的进化动态和人口周转驱动的.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 呈现出对人类多克隆抗体反应的抗性增加.
- 在这些反应中,SARS-CoV-2逃脱单个单克隆抗体的确切机制仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 使用深度突变扫描数据重建SARS-CoV-2从单个单克隆抗体中逃脱的进化途径.
- 分析全球SARS-CoV-2人群中抗体逃生突变的时间动态.
- 为了研究分类周转和克隆干扰在塑造病毒进化和抗体逃逸中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自曹等的深度突变扫描数据. 为了识别SARS-CoV-2突变,提供抗体逃生.
- 通过分析全球病毒群体随时间变异频率的变化,重建了数百种抗体的历史逃生模式.
- 使用伪病毒中和试验验证实了进化预测.
- 从自然序列中估计突变的适应性影响,以推断进化动态的驱动因素.
主要成果:
- 随着时间的推移,抗体逃生水平的预测波动,通常与由类周转事件驱逐的逃生突变的位移有关.
- 证明伪病毒中和数据支持预测的进化模式.
- 推断出病毒基团之间的克隆干扰和转移的选择性压力会影响突变顺序和位移.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 采用复杂的进化动态来逃避多克隆抗体反应.
- 抗体逃逸不是一个静态的过程,而是受人口动态和群体间竞争的影响.
- 了解这些进化机制对于预测病毒进化和开发有效的对策至关重要.
关键词:
这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.克隆的干扰干扰.深度突变扫描 (deep mutational scanning) 是一种对突变进行深度扫描的方法.逃跑 逃跑 逃跑 逃跑 逃跑 逃跑进化 演化 演化 演化 演化 演化 演化 演化更多相关视频
14:23A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses
Published on: August 31, 2014
16.2K
06:08Author Spotlight: A Pseudotype Virus System for Assessing Omicron Subvariants and Neutralizing Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Research
Published on: September 8, 2023
1.8K
相关概念视频
Viral Mutations
40.1K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
40.1K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
1.8K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
1.8K
Antibody Actions
3.2K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
3.2K
Cross-reactivity
33.4K
Overview
33.4K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
9.5K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
9.5K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
16.7K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
16.7K
