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豆类-小麦旋转模式对北中国平原小麦产量,质量和土壤微生物群体的影响

Zhenwu Nan¹, Zhu Liu², Nana Xu¹

¹National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Maize, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in microbiology

|March 2, 2026

概括

将像花生这样的豆类纳入作物轮换可以显著提高小麦的产量和质量. 这种可持续的做法增强了土壤的健康,营养的可用性,有利于微生物群落,提高了作物表现.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
土壤科学土壤科学
微生物学微生物学

背景情况:

在作物轮换中将豆类纳入作物轮换中可以提高土壤的健康和生产力.
连接土壤特性,微生物群落和作物益处的机制尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

评估小麦-玉米,小麦-花生和小麦-大豆轮换对小麦产量,质量,土壤特性,酶活动和微生物群落的影响.

主要方法:

在三年内比较了三种旋转模式 (WM,WP,WS).
评估小麦产量,谷物质量,土壤物理化学特性 (例如TN,AP,SWC),酶活性 (例如LAP,NAG,ALP) 和微生物群体结构 (细菌和真菌).
使用Mantle和PLS-PM分析来确定相关性和因果关系.

主要成果:

豆类轮换,特别是小麦-花生 (WP),显著改善了小麦产量 (10.7%的增长) 和质量 (原蛋白+9.2%,湿质+27.4%).
WP增强了土壤总 (TN),可用 (AP) 和土壤含水量 (SWC),同时增加了N循环和P循环酶活动.
豆类的旋转调节了微生物群落,丰富了特定的类型,稳定了真菌网络. 小麦产量和质量与土壤pH,TN,NAG和ALP活动相关.

结论:

小麦-花生旋转是一种可持续的策略,用于提高小麦产量和质量.
改善的土壤特性和酶活动,由豆类的整合驱动,是提高作物绩效的关键.
土壤微生物群落和酶活动在调解豆类作物转换的好处方面发挥着至关重要的作用.

关键词:

豆类旋转豆类旋转质量质量质量质量质量质量.土壤微生物社区小麦小麦小麦小麦小麦小麦小麦.收益率收益率收益率收益率

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