相关实验视频
Updated: May 5, 2026

12:08
Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
Published on: June 11, 2012
19.7K
日本的葡萄糖和胰岛素处方趋势和成本影响:使用日本国家数据库开放数据的10年分析
Tomoyuki Saito1, Kazutoshi Fujibayashi2, Hiroshi Ohtsu3
1Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan.
Diabetology international
|March 2, 2026
概括
准备使用的鼻葡萄糖在2020年后在日本迅速普及,使得葡萄糖支出大幅增加. 这项研究分析了鼻葡萄糖,注射葡萄糖和胰岛素处方的趋势,以告知严重低血糖的管理.
科学领域:
- 药物经济学和药物利用研究 药物经济学和药物利用研究
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 严重的低血糖症需要快速干预,随着2020年在日本引入的准备使用的鼻血糖素.
- 了解葡萄糖和胰岛素的处方模式和支出转移对于有效的低血糖管理至关重要.
- 目前关于葡萄糖和胰岛素配方的最新趋势的现有数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 从2014-2023财年开始,分析日本鼻腔葡萄糖,注射葡萄糖和胰岛素配方的全国处方趋势.
- 评估鼻腔葡萄糖引入对葡萄糖产品支出的影响.
- 描述不同年龄组使用胰岛素配方的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用来自日本国家数据库开放数据的公开可用的综合处方数据.
- 提取了鼻用葡萄糖,注射葡萄糖和胰岛素配方 (FY2014-2023) 的年度门诊处方数量.
- 描述了年度趋势,并计算了与葡萄糖相关的总支出.
主要成果:
- 鼻血葡萄糖的处方在2020财年升,随后稳定;注射型葡萄糖的处方在2020年后下降.
- 在2019财年至2023财年期间,葡萄糖的总支出增加了约28倍.
- 胰岛素处方显示稳步增加,不同年龄组不同类型胰岛素的趋势各不相同.
结论:
- 鼻腔葡萄糖的采用速度很快,但导致整体葡萄糖支出大幅增加.
- 尽管药物成本高昂,但鼻葡萄糖素的快速救援潜力对于严重低血糖管理至关重要.
- 将高药费用与降低紧急医疗费用的平衡对于具有成本效益的低血糖症治疗策略至关重要.
相关概念视频
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
9.0K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
9.0K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
1.3K
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
1.3K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
989
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
989
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
1.4K
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.4K
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
1.1K
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
1.1K
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
1.3K
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
1.3K

