在气候变化适应研究中的正义与责任
Kyle Ferguson1, Caesar Alimsinya Atuire2, Sonali Shukla McDermid3
1Department of Philosophy, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY10065, United States of America (USA).
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|March 2, 2026
概括
高收入国家应该通过资金和能力建设使气候适应研究成为可能,而低收入和中等收入国家应该制定适应计划. 分享责任确保公平有效的全球卫生和气候变化适应.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 气候变化适应研究研究
- 环境正义 环境正义
背景情况:
- 伦理挑战来自于在气候变化适应和全球卫生研究中对正义和责任的相互矛盾的直觉.
- 由于历史排放和资源,高收入国家被认为是负责任的,而由于代理和不成比例的气候/健康负担,低收入和中等收入国家是负责任的.
- 这些相互矛盾的观点在义务/援助和机构/权威之间造成了紧张关系.
研究的目的:
- 解决气候变化适应和全球卫生研究责任中的伦理紧张局势.
- 提出一个框架,区分促进适应和实施适应的责任.
- 为了使劳动分工与正义和辅助原则保持一致.
主要方法:
- 区分促进适应和实施适应的责任.
- 应用辅助原则 (不放弃,不吸收,合作,协调).
- 为不同收入水平的国家和多个代理人分配责任提出框架.
主要成果:
- 高收入国家被赋予了适应能力的责任 (融资,能力建设).
- 低收入和中等收入国家被赋予适应责任 (确定优先事项,实施计划).
- 在各个层面共同分配适应责任.
结论:
- 一个明确的劳动分工,使高收入国家能够和低收入和中等收入国家颁布,至关重要.
- 真正的合作,避免统治和放弃,对于公正和有效的气候变化适应至关重要.
- 拟议的框架支持公平有效的全球卫生和气候适应努力.
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