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通过 Thalamic 电路进行呼吸-边缘合缓解焦虑
Shangyu Bi1, Xiaoyi Wang1, Huichun Luo2
1Department of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 2, 2026
概括
通过控制呼吸,通过激活连接前Bötzinger 综合体与杏仁体的特定大脑电路来缓解焦虑. 这种神经通路在小鼠中被发现并在人类中得到验证,解释了缓慢呼吸如何减少焦虑并改善呼吸功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 呼吸系统生理学 呼吸系统生理学
- 情感科学是一种情感科学.
背景情况:
- 呼吸模式影响情绪状态,但神经机制尚未完全理解.
- 现有的研究强调了呼吸和情绪之间的联系,但具体的途径仍然难以捉摸.
研究的目的:
- 识别和描述将呼吸控制与情绪状态联系起来的神经回路.
- 阐明preBötzinger复合体 (preBötC) 到杏仁体通路在焦虑和呼吸调节中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在雄性小鼠中利用光遗传学和化学遗传学来操纵神经元活动,在preBötC→双心室体核 (PVT)→中央杏仁体 (CeA) 电路内.
- 记录呼吸频率变化和焦虑类行为,以应对电路刺激或抑制.
- 研究了PVT投射到CeA的作用及其对杏仁核神经元活动的影响.
- 将研究结果转化为人类参与者,评估缓慢呼吸对健康个体和患者焦虑和杏仁体振荡的影响.
主要成果:
- 在小鼠中,preBötC→PVT电路的激活减少了焦虑和呼吸变异性.
- 这个电路的抑制加剧了焦虑和呼吸功能障碍.
- 抗焦虑效应取决于PVT神经元向CeA投射,这调节了杏仁体输出.
- 随意缓慢呼吸降低了人类的焦虑,并抑制了杏仁体中与焦虑相关的大脑振荡.
结论:
- 涉及preBötC,PVT和CeA的保存的神经回路调解了呼吸和情绪状态之间的双向关系.
- 通过这个呼吸-边缘路径,受控的呼吸会产生缓解焦虑的效果.
- 这项研究为控制呼吸技术在管理焦虑方面的治疗益处提供了机制性的解释.
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