走向功能精准医学? 有机体作为患者特定模型的证据标准
Sara Green1,2, Henrik Vogt3, Maxence Gaillard4
1Section for History and Philosophy of Science, Department of Science Education, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. sara.green@ind.ku.dk.
History and philosophy of the life sciences
|March 2, 2026
概括
功能精准医学 (FPM) 使用患者衍生器官来进行治疗测试,解决基于证据的医学和精准医学的局限性. 这种方法在预测患者治疗反应方面表现有前途.
科学领域:
- 生物医学科学 生物医学科学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 个性化医疗是个性化的医疗.
背景情况:
- 基于证据的医学 (EBM) 面临批评.
- 采用平均化方法.
- 没有捕捉到个体疾病的变化.
- 精准医学 (PM),虽然利用个人基因组数据,但预测能力有限,在定义罕见疾病证据方面面临挑战.
- 由于EBM和PM的局限性,需要新的策略来进行个性化治疗预测.
研究的目的:
- 检查功能精准医学 (FPM) 的影响,作为一项弥合基因组数据和表型复杂性之间的差距的战略.
- 探索患者衍生器官 (PDO) 如何用于治疗的功能测试和预测个体患者的疗效.
- 研究FPM在临床环境中的哲学含义,如囊性纤维化和癌症,特别是关于证据生成.
主要方法:
- 与参与FPM临床实施的科学家进行探索性采访.
- 分析FPM通过对PDO的功能测试来解决生物复杂性的方法.
- 检查在验证个性化模型时对基于人口的证据的矛盾需求.
主要成果:
- 功能精确医学 (FPM) 使用患者衍生器官 (PDO) 来功能测试治疗方法,重点关注表型反应,以预测个体患者的疗效.
- 在FPM中",功能性方法"通过"黑盒子"的机械细节简化了生物复杂性.
- 矛盾的是,个性化的PDO模型的验证需要开发基于人口的证据,类似于EBM中使用的证据.
结论:
- 功能精准医学 (FPM) 提供了一个有希望的策略,通过整合患者衍生器官 (PDO) 的功能测试来增强个性化治疗预测.
- 通过关注个体表型反应,FPM解决了传统基于证据的医学和精密医学的局限性.
- 在医学研究中,FPM模型的验证凸显了个性化和基于人口的证据之间的持续紧张关系.
相关概念视频
Mouse Models of Cancer Study
Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.


