相关实验视频

Updated: Mar 4, 2026

Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis

Single Molecule Fluorescence Energy Transfer Study of Ribosome Protein Synthesis

Published on: July 6, 2021

RNase P和核糖体的共同进化

Anton S Petrov^1,2, Claudia Alvarez-Carreño^1,3, Loren Dean Williams^1,2

¹National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Center for the Origins of Life, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30032.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|March 2, 2026

概括

该研究重建了RNase P (核糖核蛋白粒子) RNA的进化史,揭示了它与核糖体共同进化. 这两种古老的分子机器都可能在最后一个普遍的共同祖先之前从融合的RNA元素中出现.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
进化生物学进化生物学
结构生物学结构生物学

背景情况:

核糖体和RNase P是高度保守的核糖蛋白复合体,对生物过程至关重要.
这些复合体在最后一个通用共同祖先 (LUCA) 的时候在结构和功能上已经成熟.
之前的工作重建了利用基于3D结构的积累模型的核糖体进化.

研究的目的:

扩展积累模型框架,重建RNase P RNA (RPR) 的进化历史.
描述LUCA的RPR结构,并确定其出现时间表.
研究RPR和核糖体RNA (rRNA) 与tRNA相互作用相关的共同进化.

主要方法:

对RPR序列和结构的族遗传采样.
根据插入指纹将RPR分成碎片,以追踪进化的增殖.
利用tRNA相互作用数据将RPR和rRNA的进化轨迹联系起来.
应用基于结构遗传学的积累模型.

主要成果:

类似于核糖体的RNase P通过模块化RNA元素的积累进化.
描述了LUCA的RPR结构,并重建了其出现时间表.
有证据表明,RPR和rRNA在一些积累的元素中具有共同的祖先.
RPR和rRNA的祖先催化部位可能是通过干-肘-干元素的融合形成的.
积模型的成功应用需要纠正传统的RPR次要结构,包括伪结.

结论:

RNase P和核糖体可能共同演变为一个集成的功能系统.
积累模型为理解古代核蛋白复合体的演变提供了一个框架.
在RPR和rRNA中保存的结构记录反映了它们的进化增殖.
这些发现支持一个基本的生物机械通过模块化组装进化模型.

关键词:

演化RNARNARNA的演化生命的起源生命的起源翻译服务翻译服务

更多相关视频

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

Nanomanipulation of Single RNA Molecules by Optical Tweezers

Published on: August 20, 2014

Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling

Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling

Published on: October 7, 2021

相关概念视频

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...

Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...