细胞作为斑块催化剂:人类巨细胞产生具有交叉播种活动的播种能力的Aβ42纤维素
Katerina Konstantoulea1,2, Meine Ramakers1,2, Sarah C Borrie1,3
1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Neuroscience, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
概括
人类巨细胞和微质细胞积极产生粉样β (Aβ) 纤维,挑战它们在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中的作用. 这些细胞生成的Aβ42纤维素显示出增强的播种活动,受到免疫反应和AD风险基因 (如TREM2) 的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 阿尔茨海默氏症疾病的发病因子
- 蛋白质聚合 蛋白质聚合
背景情况:
- 微细胞和巨细胞传统上被视为在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中对粉样蛋白β (Aβ) 的保护.
- 粉样蛋白β (Aβ) 积累和聚合成纤维是AD病理学的核心.
- 天生的免疫细胞在启动Aβ聚合中的作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类细胞细胞在产生细胞外粉样蛋白β (Aβ) 纤维的作用.
- 描述细胞生成的Aβ42纤维的播种和tau交叉播种潜力.
- 探索AD风险基因 (如TREM2) 对Aβ纤维细胞形成的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用差异化THP-1巨细胞和人类胚胎干细胞 (hESC) 衍生的微质细胞.
- 使用生物传感器模型分析了细胞外Aβ42纤维的形成和播种活动.
- 进行了转录基因分析,以确定细胞反应.
- 研究了TREM2缺乏对Aβ纤维生成的影响.
主要成果:
- 人类巨细胞和微质细胞积极产生细胞外,播种有能力的Aβ42纤维素.
- 与合成纤维相比,来自细胞的Aβ42纤维呈现出独特的结构和增强的播种/tau交叉播种活动.
- 形成Aβ42纤维素需要活跃的细胞过程,并且在TREM2丢失时会增加.
- 转录组数据显示,早期的炎症反应类似于与AD相关的微质状态.
结论:
- 挑战了微质/巨细胞仅仅作为AD中Aβ的守护者的范式.
- 证明这些免疫细胞可以积极促进粉样蛋白播种.
- 突出了微质在阿尔茨海默氏症发病过程中的潜在双重作用:反应和促进粉样蛋白组合.
- 建立了与人类相关的体外模型,用于研究AD中的Aβ聚合和先天免疫力.
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