新生儿重症监护病房爆发的系统审查和元分析
Eric S Donkor1, Anastasia A Asantewaa1, Alex Odoom1
1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, P. O. Box KB 4236, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana.
The Journal of hospital infection
|March 2, 2026
概括
新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的疫情,主要是细菌性,已经减少,但仍然是一个风险. 卫生保健工作者的手是主要的传播途径,强调了严格的感染控制的必要性.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 新生儿护理 新生儿护理
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 为新生儿提供关键护理.
- 婴儿重症监护室环境可以无意中促进医疗相关感染 (HAI) 的传播.
- 本综述审查了20年期间报告的NICU疫情.
研究的目的:
- 分析NICU疫情的趋势和特征.
- 识别关键的病原体,风险因素和传播途径.
- 为传染病预防和控制策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在电子数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,Google Scholar,疫情数据库) 的系统文献搜索.
- 包括报告2004年1月至2024年10月期间NICU爆发的研究.
- 主题综合和随机效应发生率和死亡率的元分析.
主要成果:
- 从119项研究中,在42个国家发现了122起疫情.
- 报告的疫情流行率出现下降趋势.
- 细菌病原体,特别是Klebsiella pneumoniae和Serratia marcescens,造成了80.3%的疫情. 过早生育和低出生体重是关键的危险因素,医护人员的手是主要的传播途径.
结论:
- 医疗保健工作者与NICU疫情密切相关.
- 加强对感染预防的员工教育至关重要.
- 实施强有力的感染预防和控制策略对于患者安全至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
01:26Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
01:29Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions
Creating and executing a nursing diagnosis helps nurses plan care and guide patient, family, and community interventions. They are developed based on a patient's physical evaluation and support measuring the outcomes. It is not recommended to select random interventions throughout the planning process. Instead, consider the following six essential factors when choosing interventions:
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
01:23Investigation of Disease Outbreaks
Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...