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简单疹病毒在0-42天的婴儿中的流行病学:2008-2024年

Tara L Greenhow^1,2, Zahra Samiezade-Yazd³, Lea Bornstein^2,4

¹Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, San Francisco, California.

|March 2, 2026

概括

婴儿单纯疹病毒 (HSV) 疾病发病率保持稳定,除了2021年后传播疾病的显著增加外. HSV-1是主要的亚型,皮肤,眼睛和口腔感染最常见.

科学领域:

儿科儿科儿科
传染性疾病传染性疾病
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

婴儿简单疹病毒 (HSV) 发病率在全球范围内有所不同,HSV-1 成为主导菌株.
在2019年之前,婴儿HSV病例呈现上升趋势.

研究的目的:

分析婴儿HSV疾病发病率和亚型分布的趋势.
识别疾病模式的变化,特别是与COVID-19大流行有关的变化.

主要方法:

从2008年10月到2024年9月,对0-42天龄的婴儿进行了回顾性队列研究.
收集了有关人口统计,临床表现,HSV疾病类型和亚型的数据.
在16年的疾病趋势分析.

主要成果:

总共有62例婴儿HSV病例被确定,累计发病率为每10万例出生9.8.
皮肤,眼睛和/或口腔 (SEM) 疾病是最常见的 (5.4/100,000),其次是传播 (DIS) (2.8/100,000) 和中枢神经系统 (CNS) (1.6/100,000) 疾病.
虽然SEM和中枢神经系统疾病的发病率保持稳定,但DIS疾病的发病率从2021年到2024年每年每10万分娩增加4.5个. 在所有病例中,HSV-1占61%.

结论:

皮肤,眼睛和/或口腔疾病 (SEM) 和HSV-1仍然是婴儿HSV感染的最常见形式.
在COVID-19大流行后观察到传播 (DIS) HSV疾病发病率显著增加.
这种增长可能与大流行期间性行为改变以及对初级HSV-1生殖器感染易受影响的人群的敏感性增加有关.

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