使用规范模型绘制阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍中异质大脑结构亚型的映射
Xiaotong Wei1, Tingting Zhang1, Ronglong Xiong1
1The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
Translational psychiatry
|March 2, 2026
概括
阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍显示出显著的大脑结构差异. 通过个别偏差映射识别亚型有助于个性化诊断和监测神经退行性疾病.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 神经退行性疾病 神经退行性疾病
- 生物标志物 生物标志物
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 呈现出显著的个体变化.
- 目前用于量化AD/MCI中大脑结构变化的指标有限.
- MCI代表了早期干预的关键过渡阶段.
研究的目的:
- 在AD和MCI中划分神经解剖学异质性.
- 通过个人偏差分析来识别不同的大脑结构亚型.
- 评估已识别的亚型的临床特征,进展和基因表达.
主要方法:
- 从T1加权MRI数据 (1185名健康对照) 构建区域灰质体积的规范模型.
- 在AD和MCI患者中评估了与规范轨迹的个体偏差 (ADNI数据集).
- 利用无监督的集群来根据偏差模式识别子类型.
主要成果:
- 在不同个体的结构异常中发现了实质性的异质性.
- 在AD和MCI组中发现了两个强大的亚型.
- 与1型相比,2型亚型在海马体,副海马圈和杏仁体中表现出更明显的负偏差.
- 亚型在认知,生物标志物,疾病进展和基因表达方面存在显著差异.
- 具有更严重偏差的MCI亚型具有更高的转化为AD的风险.
结论:
- 在AD和MCI中神经解剖学的异质性是显著的.
- 个性化偏差映射可以检测出具有临床价值的亚型.
- 这些发现支持针对神经退行性疾病的个性化诊断和监测策略.
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