在皮层的结构和功能上的异常与受虐待儿童的听觉感知有关
Natasha Y S Kawata1,2, Takashi X Fujisawa1,3,4, Akiko Yao1
1Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
Scientific reports
|March 2, 2026
概括
虐待儿童会改变大脑结构和听觉区域的连接,影响语音感知和情绪处理. 这些神经发育的变化可能会导致长期的社会沟通困难.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 虐待儿童会对大脑发育产生负面影响,导致精神疾病.
- 虐待对听觉大脑区域及其功能连接的影响尚不清楚.
- 听觉处理对于语音感知,情感识别和社交沟通至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童虐待,听觉区域的结构和功能性大脑变化以及听觉功能之间的关系.
- 与对照组相比,检查虐待儿童的灰质体积 (GMV) 和功能连接性 (FC).
- 为了将神经变化与听觉值和语音接收相关联.
主要方法:
- 使用T1加权和功能磁共振成像 (MRI) 的病例控制研究.
- 在左中旋 (L.MTG) 和左中旋和右极 (R.TP) 之间的FC中评估GMV.
- 分析了与语音相关的频率的听觉值和语音接收值.
主要成果:
- 受虐待的儿童在L.MTG灰质体积中表现出显著差异 (P < 0.001,FWE校正P = 0.038).
- 观察到L.MTG-R.TP功能连接的显著变化 (P < 0.001,FWE校正的P = 0.013).
- 这些神经变化与与语音感知相关的听觉处理缺陷相关.
结论:
- 虐待儿童诱导神经发育适应在听觉大脑区域,影响GMV和FC.
- 这些变化可能会损害听觉和情绪信息处理,影响语音感知和社交沟通.
- 了解这些机制对于开发针对虐待个体的有针对性的治疗干预措施至关重要.
相关概念视频
Olfaction
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
Hearing
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Association Areas of the Cortex
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Auditory Pathway
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
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Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...


