在COVID-19未接种疫苗的儿童中,SARS-CoV-2抗体的患病率和相关因素:一个跨部分研究
Angelica Fiuza1, Carlos Garcia-Colon, Celine Molfetta
1From the Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
|March 3, 2026
概括
家庭成员的疫苗接种情况,而不是活动或口罩,影响了未接种疫苗的儿童中严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染率. 没有接种疫苗的成年人的家庭中的儿童具有较高的SARS-CoV-2抗体阳性.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在未接种疫苗的儿童中对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 暴露的理解有限.
- 需要评估活动,掩护和家庭因素对儿科SARS-CoV-2感染的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在未接种疫苗的儿童中调查掩护行为,户外活动和家庭特征与SARS-CoV-2感染之间的关联.
- 确定这些因素对儿童群体SARS-CoV-2抗体阳性的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用来自新泽西州卫生部Covid抗体监测项目的数据进行横截面研究.
- 包括250名未接种疫苗的18个月至11岁的儿童.
- 通过在线调查收集监护人报告的有关活动,口罩和家庭特征的数据;使用口腔牙拭片测试评估SARS-CoV-2抗体.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,SARS-CoV-2抗体阳性率很高:在学龄前儿童中为67.1%,在学龄儿童中为70.5%.
- 没有接种疫苗的成年人家庭的儿童显示出明显更高的抗体阳性 (82.1%) 与那些至少有一个接种疫苗的成年人 (63.9%) 相比.
- 根据家庭规模,参加学校/非学校活动,在活动期间戴口罩或家庭 SARS-CoV-2 疾病病史,没有观察到抗体阳性的显著差异.
结论:
- 家庭成员的疫苗接种状态与未接种疫苗的儿童的SARS-CoV-2抗体阳性有关.
- 抗体阳性与家庭规模,活动,掩护行为或之前的家庭疾病之间没有显著的关联.
- 强调家庭接种疫苗在减轻儿科SARS-CoV-2暴露风险方面的重要性.
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