绘制良知的地图:网络分析犯罪和非犯罪青少年成熟度的差异
Maurits de Brauw1, Arne Popma1, Jaap Peen2
1Amsterdam UMC, The Netherlands.
概括
法医精神病学研究表明,良心是在综合的层面上发展的,而不是一个一切或没有的状态. 网络分析揭示了非犯罪者的集成良心与犯罪者的碎片化良心,影响行为.
科学领域:
- 法医精神病学 法医精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学流行病学 精神病学流行病学
背景情况:
- 良心在法医精神病学中至关重要,但经常被误解为二进制.
- 将良心概念化为一个集成的心理功能,涉及同情心,自我意识的情绪和道德取向是关键.
- 发育整合水平解释了良心功能中的差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查良心在犯罪与非犯罪的青少年中的综合功能.
- 测试良心是通过综合成熟水平而不是全部或没有现象而发展的理论.
- 探索良心整合与冒犯行为之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 对52名犯罪和243名未成年人的问卷数据进行了网络分析.
- 建立了两个不同的网络:一个用于非违法者的规范良心,一个用于违法者的挑性成熟良心.
- 集成的良心元素 (同情心,自我意识的情绪,道德取向) 在不同组之间进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 非犯罪者的网络显示了良心元素的高度整合,形成了一个临床上有意义的网络.
- 犯罪者网络显示元素之间的零星相关性,表明缺乏整合.
- 对于同情心和道德取向的整合差异比对自我意识的情绪更为明显.
结论:
- 这些发现支持意识成熟的理论发生在综合的发育水平,驳斥了一切或没有的概念.
- 缺乏良心整合,特别是在同情和道德导向方面,与冒犯行为有关.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索良心整合的重要性及其对法医精神病学和犯罪行为的影响.
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