在ICU中的抗生素消耗和基因负抗性动态:为期五年的自回归集成移动平均 (ARIMA) 分析
Lejla Rakovac Tupkovic1, Nijaz Tihic2,3, Jasmina Smajic4,5
1Department of Pharmacology, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, BIH.
Cureus
|March 3, 2026
概括
增加的医院抗生素使用,特别是在重症监护病房,与关键细菌抗菌耐药性 (AMR) 的上升有关. 这凸显了对抗微生物药物管理的必要性,以保持抗生素的有效性.
科学领域:
- * * 医学微生物学
- * 药理流行病学
- * 传染病 传染病
背景情况:
- *抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 构成了全球严重的健康威胁.
- *包括Enterobacteriaceae和Acinetobacter在内的阴性细菌是关键的病原体.
- * 了解医院抗生素消耗与抗菌素耐药性之间的联系对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- * 评估医院抗生素消费对AMR率的影响.
- * 为了研究肠道细菌和青杆菌物种的耐药性模式.
- * 在大学临床中心分析抗生素使用和耐药性之间的时间关联.
主要方法:
- * 一项为期五年的回顾性观察性药物流行病学研究 (2014-2018).
- *使用世卫组织ATC/DDD方法量化抗生素消耗 (每100个睡日DDD).
- * 用线性回归和ARIMA模型分析了关键细菌分离物的时间关联.
主要成果:
- * 总抗生素消耗显著增加 (61.35至73.51 DDD/100 BD).
- *重症监护室 (ICU) 的消费量明显更高 (高达178.53 DDD/100 BD).
- * 诺基诺和卡巴的使用与Acinetobacter,K. pneumoniae和E. coli的耐药性正相关.
结论:
- * 广泛抗生素消费与AMR升级之间存在显著的时间关联.
- * 由于高选择性压力,ICU作为多药耐药病原体的储存库.
- *多学科的抗菌药物管理和限制使用储备抗生素至关重要.
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