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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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区块共聚合物启用低温结构电池电解质,使用聚合诱导相位分离生产.

Sayyam Deshpande1, Chen Wang1, Coby Scrudder1

  • 1Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

本研究介绍了使用区块共聚合物的结构电解质 (SBEs),以减少扭曲性和增强离子导电性. 这些新型SBE显示出更好的性能,特别是在低温下,用于先进的电池应用.

关键词:
区块共聚物的区块共聚物.离子电池是一种离子电池.低温低温低温的温度是什么低扭曲性的低扭曲性有机基聚合物有机基聚合物聚合诱导阶段分离 (PIPS) 的方法结构电池电解质结构电池电解质

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 电化学 电化学 电化学
  • 聚合物科学 聚合物科学

背景情况:

  • 电池结构电解质 (SBEs) 对高性能电池至关重要,要求具有离子导电性和机械完整性.
  • 通过聚合诱导相分离 (PIPS) 合成的传统SBE通常具有高曲性,限制有效的离子导电性.
  • 标准的液体电解质在寒冷的气候下表现不佳,限制了在低温环境中的电池应用.

研究的目的:

  • 开发具有减少扭曲度和增强离子导电性的SBE,特别是用于低温操作.
  • 调查两块共聚物 (BCP) 对PIPS过程和由此产生的SBE特性的影响.
  • 评估BCP修改SBE的电化学性能和机械特性.

主要方法:

  • 采用了一种单聚合诱导相分离 (PIPS) 方法,结合了一种两性块共聚合物 (BCP).
  • 通过使用低温液体电解质,研究了BCP和树脂含量对离子导电性和机械性能的影响.
  • 测试了开发的SBE在铁酸盐和氧化物激进聚合物半细胞中的性能.

主要成果:

  • 仅仅1重%的BCP添加剂显著降低了曲率,在25°C时将离子导电率提高了78.3%,在-30°C时提高了99%,与没有BCP的SBE相比.
  • 在25°C时达到2.34 × 10−3 S/cm的离子导电性,在-30°C时达到1.28 × 10−4 S/cm的离子导电性.
  • 在半电池中表现出良好的兼容性,在25°C时产生145 mAh/g (0.1°C) 和103 mAh/g (0.2°C) 的放电容量,在-20°C时保持显著的容量 (30-49%).

结论:

  • 两块共聚合物有效地降低PIPS合成的SBEs的扭曲性,从而导致优异的离子导电性.
  • 开发的SBE表现出有希望的低温性能,解决了传统电解质的局限性.
  • 这些BCP修改的SBE适用于要求高的电池应用,需要机械强度和在广泛的温度范围内高效的离子传输.