葡萄牙医疗保健系统中以人为中心的实践:一项文献研究
Diana Vareta1,2, Elaine Santana3, Célia Oliveira4
1PhD Program, University of Lisbon (UL) and Nursing School of Lisbon (ESEL), Lisbon, Portugal.
PloS one
|March 3, 2026
概括
葡萄牙以人为中心的实践显示出政治进步,但由于缺乏明确的指导方针和持续的生物医学重点,面临实施挑战. 进一步的整合需要解决系统和实践层面的断开,以提供有效的医疗保健.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 以人为中心的实践对现代卫生系统至关重要,但其临床整合面临障碍.
- 宏观上下文,包括结构和战略因素,对于可持续实施以人为中心的护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在葡萄牙医疗保健系统的宏观背景下,分析以人为中心的实践的框架.
- 确定在葡萄牙实施以人为中心的护理的决定因素和挑战.
主要方法:
- 定性,描述和回顾性的文献研究.
- 对葡萄牙医疗保健监管和政策文件进行系统的文献搜索 (n=40).
- 使用IRAMUTEQ®软件进行词法测量和因数分析,以以人为中心的实践框架为指导.
主要成果:
- 五个类别出现了,分为"结构和组织决定因素" (系统愿景,组织文化,数字转型,政治愿景) 和"操作化" (护理方法).
- 话语模式揭示了组织层面和实践之间的脱节,尽管话语的中心是医疗保健人员核心.
- 分析表明,组织策略与以人为中心的护理在现场实施之间存在不一致.
结论:
- 葡萄牙在以人为中心的实践中表现出政治和战略的进步,强调人性化的护理,健康素养和数字化.
- 实施障碍包括缺乏明确的指导方针,生物医学范式的持续存在,以及对护理经验的评估不足.
- 解决发现的断开和系统问题对于葡萄牙有效的以人为中心的护理服务至关重要.
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