对精神分裂症和自闭症患者进行认知补救的个性化方法
Lindsay Brenugat1, Mauricette Mendy1, Alienor Maitre1
1Resource Center for Cognitive Remediation, Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery, île de France, C3RP, France; University Hospital Group Paris Psychiatry Neurosciences, Paris, 75014, France; Paris Cité University, Paris, France.
Psychiatry research
|March 3, 2026
概括
神经心理教育治疗方法 (NEAR) 改善了精神分裂症患者的认知,临床和功能结果. 自闭症谱系障碍患者在NEAR干预后表现出自尊,注意力和记忆的改善.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 认知障碍是精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍患者面临的重大挑战.
- 当前的认知补救 (CR) 方法往往缺乏个性化,这可能会限制其有效性.
- NEAR (神经心理教育治疗方法) 模型通过允许参与者选择个性化的认知目标来增强内在动机.
研究的目的:
- 评估患者使用NEAR干预在精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍患者的进展.
- 确定在NEAR计划中定制认知目标是否能改善临床,功能和神经心理学结果.
主要方法:
- 51名精神分裂症患者和17名自闭症谱系障碍患者参加了30个两周一次的小组会议.
- 参与者参与了NEAR,并单独选择了目标,随后进行了前后评估.
- 评估结果包括症状,自主,自尊,生活质量,冷漠,注意力,工作记忆,口头记忆和抑制.
主要成果:
- 精神分裂症患者在临床,功能和认知领域的整体改善.
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍的人在自尊,注意力和长期回忆方面表现出改善.
- 在总组中,训练有素的参与者在速度,注意力,工作记忆,口头学习和执行功能方面表现更好,与未受训练的参与者相比.
结论:
- NEAR干预促进了精神分裂症患者在临床,功能和认知方面的进展.
- 在患有自闭症谱系障碍的人群中,观察到自尊,注意力和口头记忆的改善.
- 在NEAR框架内,个性化的目标设定似乎提高了治疗的坚持和满意度.
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