意大利视力障碍的社会和主观表现:一种定性研究
Alice Colombo1, Martina Lanza2, Francesca Incagli3
1Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
BMJ paediatrics open
|March 3, 2026
概括
视力障碍 (VI) 的年轻人通过社会和环境障碍而经历残疾,而不仅仅是个人限制. 了解这些挑战对于综合护理规划和支持至关重要.
科学领域:
- 关于残疾人的研究.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 视力障碍 (VI) 显著影响年轻人的福祉和家庭.
- 意大利的立法法令第. 62/2024强调生物心理社会模式和个性化生活项目.
- 关于VI患者年轻人对残疾的主观经验的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 探索VI患者年轻人对残疾的主观经验.
- 研究他们密切的网络和社会背景的观点.
- 在意大利更新的立法框架内,为护理规划和政策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 进行了36次半结构面试,对12名患有VI的年轻人 (8-18岁),14名家长和10名卫生专业人员进行了采访.
- 使用NVivo V.14软件使用主题分析方法.
- 来自参与欧盟项目"SeeMyLife"的四个意大利中心收集的数据.
主要成果:
- 出现了四个主题:理解残疾 (医学与社会),个人/生物心理社会经验,社会背景 (障碍/促进者) 和人际关系动态.
- 参与者认识到"残疾",但并不总是通过生物心理社会镜头.
- 患有VI的年轻人报告说,由于个人功能和环境/社会障碍,他们的自主性和社会参与受到限制,与ICF框架保持一致.
结论:
- 研究结果支持意大利对残疾的生物心理社会模型.
- 强调需要以人为中心,综合护理,根据ICF框架.
- 为从业人员和政策制定者提供有关VI患者年轻人护理规划和服务提供方面的见解.
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