高盐饮食通过NFAT5信号通路加剧过敏性鼻炎
Lan Jiang1, Yuxin Wang1, Jing Huang2
1Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
NPJ science of food
|March 3, 2026
概括
高盐饮食会通过破坏肠道微生物群和激活P38/MAPK-NFAT5-SGK1通路,增加炎症和IgE,使过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 恶化. 减少盐的摄入量可能有帮助,但免疫记忆仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 影响全球数百万人,高盐饮食 (HSD) 可能会影响免疫反应.
- 连接HSD与AR病变的具体机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究HSD在AR发展和恶化中的作用.
- 为了阐明P38/MAPK-NFAT5-SGK1信号通路在HSD诱导的AR中的参与.
主要方法:
- 对血清IgE,尿路分泌和人类患者的AR症状得分的分析.
- 使用暴露于HSD的卵胺诱导AR小鼠模型.
- 使用细胞基因沉默来识别关键通路调节者.
主要成果:
- 在AR患者中,尿中的增加与更高的IgE和症状严重程度相关.
- 在小鼠中,HSD改变了肠道微生物群,提高了NFAT5的调节,破坏了鼻,并恶化了炎症.
- 基因沉默证实了P38/MAPK-NFAT5-SGK1通路在过敏反应和上皮损伤中的作用.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了强有力的证据,证明AR中的盐-免疫轴是由透感应通路介导的.
- 这些发现提升了对AR的机制理解,并建议潜在的临床管理策略,包括减少饮食盐分.
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