维生素D缺乏和相关疾病的情况: 骨科翻译
Dinayinie Ekanayake Mudiyanselage1, Charles Edward Ouyang1, Rebekah Ding Jin1
1Perioperative and System Medicine Laboratory, Department of Anaesthesiology and Institute of Translational Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
Journal of orthopaedic translation
|March 4, 2026
概括
维生素D缺乏影响全球近一半的人口,影响骨健康,免疫力和认知能力. 通过强化和补充来解决这个普遍的问题,对公共健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 维生素D是一种类荷尔蒙,对酸平衡,骨健康和许多生理过程至关重要.
- 维生素D缺乏症在全球普遍存在,与肌肉骨衰弱,虚弱,认知衰退,自身免疫性疾病和感染有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查维生素D的广泛生理效应及其缺乏的影响.
- 讨论维生素D干预在各种临床环境中的转化潜力.
- 强调需要基于证据的策略来应对维生素D缺乏症.
主要方法:
- 关于维生素D在健康和疾病中的作用的综合文献综述.
- 流行病学数据分析,将维生素D状态与各种健康结果联系起来.
- 评估潜在的干预策略和当前研究的局限性.
主要成果:
- 维生素D缺乏与感染风险增加,认知能力下降,虚弱和骨科发病率有关.
- 足够的维生素D状态可能会降低骨折风险,跌倒和术后并发症,特别是在老年人群中.
- 维生素D的免疫调节和神经保护作用是显著的,影响像COVID-19这样的传染病.
结论:
- 维生素D缺乏是可改变的风险因素,具有系统性,神经认知和肌肉骨的影响.
- 诸如食品强化,有针对性的补充剂和优化阳光照射等干预措施显示出有希望.
- 需要使用一致的方法进行进一步的研究,以优化维生素D干预措施并减少与缺乏相关的发病率.
相关概念视频
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:22Connective Tissue Cell Types
Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:23Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
01:29Bone Disorders
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
01:25Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health
The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...