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将体育活动纳入常规精神病治疗:一篇评论

Brendon Stubbs^1,2,3, Ruimin Ma¹, Megan Teychenne⁴

¹Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

JAMA psychiatry

|March 4, 2026

概括

身体活动 (PA) 对患有严重精神疾病 (SMI) 的成年人至关重要,他们面临由于心脏代谢疾病而减少的预期寿命. 将PA整合到精神病治疗中可以改善心理和身体健康结果.

科学领域:

精神病学是一个精神病学.
公共卫生公共卫生
运动科学运动科学

背景情况:

患有严重精神疾病 (SMI) 的成年人预期寿命缩短10-20年,主要是由于心脏代谢疾病.
较低的体力活动 (PA) 和较高的久坐行为 (SB) 是导致这种差异的重要可修改的风险因素.
尽管有证据表明PA的益处,但其在SMI人群的临床实践中的系统整合有限.

研究的目的:

突出体力活动 (PA) 在改善严重精神疾病 (SMI) 患者健康状况方面的关键作用.
强调需要有结构的临床框架来促进PA和减少精神病治疗中的久坐行为.
倡导将PA纳入精神病治疗的核心组成部分,以解决SMI中死亡率差距.

主要方法:

关于PA和SB对SMI人群心理和身体健康的影响证据的审查.
讨论结构化PA干预措施,包括力量培训和休活动.
应用5A框架 (询问,评估,建议,协助,安排) 进行临床实施.

主要成果:

结构化PA显著减少抑郁和精神病症状,改善SMI患者的认知,生活质量和心脏代谢健康.
精神被动性SB与较差的心理健康结果有关.
5A框架为临床医生提供了一种务实的方法,以促进PA和管理SB.

结论:

身体活动 (PA) 应该是严重精神疾病 (SMI) 患者的精神病治疗的一个基本方面.
通过临床框架系统地促进PA和减少SB可以增强症状管理和整体健康.
整合PA干预可以帮助缩小SMI患者所经历的预期寿命差距.

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