关于SARS-CoV-2的近中性选择主义理论 (NNST) 是由替代-突变比 (c/μ) 分析所建议的
Chun Wu1,2, Nicholas J Paradis1
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, United States of America.
PloS one
|March 4, 2026
概括
一个新的替代-突变速率比率测试 (c/μ) 分析突变的全基因组适应性影响. 这一框架支持SARS-CoV-2进化的统一的近中性选择主义理论 (NNST),结合中性和选择主义观点.
科学领域:
- 分子进化分子进化
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 解决物种进化中中性选择论辩论需要测量核酸突变的全基因组适应性影响.
- 关于近中性突变的组成和丰度的争议需要一个严格的框架,由经验序列数据支持.
研究的目的:
- 扩展替代-突变速率比率测试 (c/μ) 以分析49个SARS-CoV-2段的健康效应.
- 为近中性平衡选择主义理论 (NNBST) 和近中性不平衡选择主义理论 (NNUST) 开发正式的数学框架,以解释分子时钟的行为.
- 测试传统的分子进化理论与SARS-CoV-2的经验数据对比.
主要方法:
- 将替代-突变速率比测试 (c/μ) 应用于49个SARS-CoV-2段 (翻译区域,未翻译区域和转录调节序列).
- 开发了NNBST和NNUST的数学框架,以解释非严格的分子时钟行为.
- 根据c/μ比分进行分类的突变类型:适应性 (c/μ > 1),中性 (c/μ = 1) 和有害性 (c/μ < 1).
主要成果:
- 所有49个SARS-CoV-2细分体都表现出健身效应 (DFE) 的L形分布.
- 24个段 (主要是翻译区域) 支持分子钟和平衡的近中性突变,与NNBST一致.
- 25个细分部分 (主要是未翻译的区域/转录调节序列) 显示了与分子钟和平衡的偏差,与NNUST.一致.
- 观察到大量违反常规理论 (ST,KNT,ONNT),但没有NNBST或NNUST.
结论:
- 这些结果支持SARS-CoV-2分子进化的统一的近中性选择主义理论 (NNST).
- NNBST和NNUST为观察到的分子钟行为和突变动态提供了强有力的解释.
- c/μ框架提供了一种严格的方法来经验性地研究突变介导的物种进化.
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