对比深度学习和经典回归方法来预测医疗保健支出和支出:系统审查
John Tayu Lee1, Melody Hsiao-San Yeh1, Vincent Cheng-Sheng Li1
1Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Journal of medical economics
|March 4, 2026
概括
深度学习模型在纵向医疗成本预测方面表现出色,优于传统方法. 对于横截面数据,基于树的模型仍然具有竞争力和可解释性.
科学领域:
- 医疗分析 医疗分析
- 机器学习在医学中的应用
- 预测建模的预测建模.
背景情况:
- 预测个人级别的医疗保健成本对于资源配置和财务规划至关重要.
- 传统的回归和基于树的模型已被广泛使用,但它们在复杂的纵向数据上的性能仍在争论中.
- 深度学习架构有可能提高医疗成本预测的准确性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和比较深度学习模型与传统回归和基于树的模型的性能,以预测个人级别的医疗保健成本.
- 分析各种数据背景和研究设计中的性能差异.
- 评估复杂性-性能假设在这个领域的适用性.
主要方法:
- 对2025年8月之前发表的研究进行了预先注册的系统审查.
- 在Web of Science,PubMed,Embase和Scopus数据库中进行了搜索.
- 符合条件的研究包括个人级别的真实世界数据 (索赔,电子健康记录,注册表),并将深度学习与成本预测的经典模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 八项研究符合纳入标准,深度学习模型 (LSTM,CNN-LSTM) 在纵向成本预测方面表现优于传统模型 (10-20%的RMSE/MAE减少).
- 之前的成本和利用率是关键预测因素;社会决定因素和自由文本数据未得到充分利用.
- 对于横截面数据,通用线性模型和基于树的方法显示出强大的性能和可解释性.
结论:
- 深度学习为序列丰富,纵向的医疗保健成本预测提供了显著的优势.
- 基于树的方法仍然是横截面表格数据预测的强有力的竞争者.
- 模型性能与数据的复杂性有关,与复杂性-性能假说保持一致.
相关概念视频
Regression Toward the Mean
7.2K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
7.2K
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
6.3K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
6.3K
Regression Analysis
8.7K
Regression analysis is a statistical tool that describes a mathematical relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
In regression analysis, a regression equation is determined based on the line of best fit– a line that best fits the data points plotted in a graph. This line is also called the regression line. The algebraic equation for the regression line is called the regression equation. It is represented as:
In regression analysis, a regression equation is determined based on the line of best fit– a line that best fits the data points plotted in a graph. This line is also called the regression line. The algebraic equation for the regression line is called the regression equation. It is represented as:
8.7K
Residuals and Least-Squares Property
9.7K
The vertical distance between the actual value of y and the estimated value of y. In other words, it measures the vertical distance between the actual data point and the predicted point on the line
If the observed data point lies above the line, the residual is positive, and the line underestimates the actual data value for y. If the observed data point lies below the line, the residual is negative, and the line overestimates the actual data value for y.
The process of fitting the best-fit...
If the observed data point lies above the line, the residual is positive, and the line underestimates the actual data value for y. If the observed data point lies below the line, the residual is negative, and the line overestimates the actual data value for y.
The process of fitting the best-fit...
9.7K
Multiple Regression
4.2K
Multiple regression assesses a linear relationship between one response or dependent variable and two or more independent variables. It has many practical applications.
Farmers can use multiple regression to determine the crop yield based on more than one factor, such as water availability, fertilizer, soil properties, etc. Here, the crop yield is the response or dependent variable as it depends on the other independent variables. The analysis requires the construction of a scatter plot...
Farmers can use multiple regression to determine the crop yield based on more than one factor, such as water availability, fertilizer, soil properties, etc. Here, the crop yield is the response or dependent variable as it depends on the other independent variables. The analysis requires the construction of a scatter plot...
4.2K
Microsoft Excel: Regression Analysis
1.6K
Regression analysis in Microsoft Excel is a powerful statistical method for examining the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. It's used extensively in fields such as economics, biology, and business to predict outcomes, understand relationships, and make data-driven decisions. The most common type is linear regression, which attempts to fit a straight line through the data points to model the relationship between variables.
To perform regression...
To perform regression...
1.6K
