在乌兹别克斯坦使用UZ-SPEED非传染性疾病工具分析成人非传染性疾病 (NCD) 查数据
Khasanjon Odilov1, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir1, Yui Yumiya1
1Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Public health
|March 4, 2026
概括
乌兹别克斯坦的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险查显示患病率很高,酒精和脂肪食物的消费与风险增加有关. 该UZ-SPEED工具有效地收集了数据,但饮食评估需要改进.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 非传染性疾病监测监测
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 在全球和中亚构成了重大的健康负担.
- 有效的查工具对于在不同人群中早期发现和管理非传染性疾病至关重要.
- 乌兹别克斯坦缺乏关于心血管疾病风险因素和患病率的全面数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估乌兹别克斯坦成年人的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险,使用UZ-SPEED NCD查工具.
- 确定与乌兹别克斯坦人口中高心血管疾病风险相关的可修改风险因素.
- 评估UZ-SPEED工具在资源有限的环境中对NCD监测的有用性.
主要方法:
- 在乌兹别克斯坦四个地区进行了一项试点研究,涉及1735名年龄在40-74岁的成年人.
- 适应的日本紧急情况和灾难后监测 (J-SPEED) - UZ-SPEED NCD工具收集了人口,行为和临床数据.
- 使用世卫组织风险图 (非实验室和实验室) 评估心血管疾病风险,并通过逻辑回归分析与风险因素的关联 (≥10%心血管疾病风险).
主要成果:
- 根据非实验室变量,19.6%的参与者表现出高CVD风险;根据实验室变量,16.8%.
- 酒精消费与心血管疾病风险增加有很强的关联.
- 脂肪食物的消费和肥胖与更高的心血管疾病风险有关,而经常摄入含糖食物显示出意想不到的反向关联,可能是由于报告偏差.
结论:
- 在乌兹别克斯坦,UZ-SPEED NCD工具在快速,标准化的数据收集方面被证明是有效的.
- 观察到心血管疾病风险的地理差异,纳曼甘地区的风险更高.
- 精细的饮食评估,特别是对含糖食品的消费,对于准确的CVD风险查是必要的.
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