儿童机会指数和儿科住院:邮政编码是否足够好?
Alexander H Hogan1, Natalie Grills2, Matt Hall2
1Division of Hospital Medicine, Connecticut Children's, Hartford, Connecticut; Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
The Journal of pediatrics
|March 4, 2026
概括
使用邮政编码进行儿童机会指数 (COI) 分析是可以接受的五分位数和百分位数. 然而,邮政编码COI z分数可能低估了社区机会对儿科门诊护理敏感病症住院的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 地理空间健康
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 邻近地区的社会经济因素对儿童健康状况有很大影响.
- 儿童机会指数 (COI) 是评估社区机会的一个关键指标.
- 分析的地理单位 (例如,邮政编码与人口普查区) 可以影响健康差异研究.
研究的目的:
- 在使用邮政编码与人口普查地块时,量化COI五分位数的错误分类.
- 使用这两个地理层面来比较COI和儿科门诊护理敏感条件 (ACSC) 住院率之间的关联强度.
主要方法:
- 从两个中西部儿童医院对儿科ACSC住院病例 (2013-2018) 的回顾性分析.
- 与COI 3.0相关的地理编码患者地址在邮政编码和人口普查通道层面.
- 错误分类定义为邮政编码和人口普查区COI之间的≥2个五分位数差异;进行了地理空间和回归分析.
主要成果:
- 8.1%的儿科ACSC住院病例显示COI错误地分类了邮政编码和人口普查地带.
- 在 ACSC 住院率与 COI 五分位数或百分位数之间的关联中,地理位置之间没有显著差异.
- 在使用COI z-score从邮政编码与人口普查地带相比时,严重低估了社区机会和ACSC住院之间的关联.
结论:
- 使用五分位数或百分位数的基于邮政编码的COI通常可以接受相关的健康差异研究.
- 从邮政编码中获得的COI z-score可能会减弱邻里机会和儿科健康结果之间的观察到的关系.
- 准确的地理单元选择对于强大的健康公平研究至关重要.
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