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对非侵入性神经调节技术对阿尔茨海默病患者认知功能改善的影响进行元分析

Jiarong Wen¹, Mei Li², Junpeng Xu³

¹Graduate School, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

|March 4, 2026

概括

非侵入性大脑刺激,包括重复性横磁性刺激 (rTMS),横交流电刺激 (tACS) 和横直流刺激 (tDCS),有效地改善了阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的认知功能. 跨直流刺激 (tDCS) 在特定的认知评估中显示出优异的结果.

科学领域:

神经科学和神经病学神经科学和神经病学
认知科学认知科学
医疗技术医疗技术医学技术

背景情况:

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 具有逐渐认知衰退的特征.
非侵入性神经调节技术为认知增强提供了潜在的治疗途径.
了解不同非侵入性脑刺激方法的比较疗效对于临床应用至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估非侵入性神经调节技术 (rTMS,tACS,tDCS) 在改善AD和MCI患者的整体认知功能的有效性.
为了比较rTMS,tACS和tDCS之间的有效性以及控制条件.
通过元分析和网络元分析来综合随机对照试验的证据.

主要方法:

在PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane和Scopus数据库中进行系统的文献搜索,截至2025年4月10日.
包括随机对照试验,调查针对AD和MCI的非侵入性脑刺激.
主要结果措施包括迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE),蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 和阿尔茨海默氏病评估尺度-认知子尺度 (ADAS-cog).

主要成果:

总共有77篇文章被纳入了元分析.
与对照组相比,rTMS,tACS和tDCS都显示了整体认知功能的显著改善.
rTMS和tDCS改善了MMSE和MoCA的得分,并降低了ADAS-cog的得分. 网络元分析表明,对于MMSE和MoCA,tDCS优于rTMS,但对ADAS-cog.有效性较低.

结论:

非侵入性神经调节技术 (rTMS,tACS,tDCS) 是有效和安全的治疗选择,用于改善AD和MCI患者的认知功能.
在使用MMSE和MoCA评估认知功能时,跨直流刺激 (tDCS) 显示出比重复性跨磁刺激 (rTMS) 更高的疗效.
进一步的研究可能会阐明这些技术对特定认知领域和疾病严重性的差异性影响.

关键词:

阿尔茨海默氏症的疾病是阿尔茨海默氏症.认知功能认知功能进行元分析分析.重复性横性磁性刺激 (rTMS) 是一种跨骨交替电流刺激 (tACS) 是一种超直流刺激 (tDCS) 是一种超直流刺激.

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