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相关概念视频

Osmotic Pressure01:26

Osmotic Pressure

35
Osmosis is a process where solvent molecules move toward a solution through a semipermeable membrane. As the solution dilutes due to the entry of solvent, it expands. This expansion increases the hydrostatic pressure of the solution. When the hydrostatic pressure equals the osmotic pressure, osmosis stops.Osmotic pressure, denoted by Π, is the minimum pressure needed to prevent the solvent from passing into the solution by osmosis. The van 't Hoff equation calculates the osmotic pressure...
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Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure of Solutions02:40

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure of Solutions

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A number of natural and synthetic materials exhibit selective permeation, meaning that only molecules or ions of a certain size, shape, polarity, charge, and so forth, are capable of passing through (permeating) the material. Biological cell membranes provide elegant examples of selective permeation in nature, while dialysis tubing used to remove metabolic wastes from blood is a more simplistic technological example. Regardless of how they may be fabricated, these materials are generally...
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Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

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Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
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Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

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Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
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The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

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The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
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Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

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There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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在两个半透接口之间的稳定溶剂流下,聚合物溶液在两个半透接口之间.

Brian Chan1, Michael Rubinstein1,2,3,4

  • 1Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

聚合物溶液中的液体流产生度梯度. 这项研究揭示了聚合物度概况的变化,影响了聚合物动态,并可能通过防止近层崩来帮助气道粘液清除.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物物理 聚合物物理
  • 生物物理学的生物物理.
  • 流体动力学 流体动力学

背景情况:

  • 聚合物溶液中的流体流动是由压力差异驱动的.
  • 了解聚合物度变化对于预测溶液行为至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一个关于在稳定流动下溶液中的空间聚合物度变化的理论.
  • 研究度梯度对聚合物动态和粘液功能的影响.

主要方法:

  • 在透界面之间的聚合物溶液的理论建模.
  • 对外部压力和透压差之间的平衡进行分析.
  • 该理论应用于气道粘液中的粘素聚合物分布.

主要成果:

  • 度配置文件从溶剂的入口增加到出口.
  • 稀释溶液可以形成半稀释区域,反之亦然.
  • 空间度依赖性显著影响了聚合物动态.

结论:

  • 该理论解释了由于蒸发而导致的气道粘液中的粘素再分配.
  • 这种重新分配可以保持稀释的粘液层,保持呼吸道功能.
  • 这些发现表明,可以防止近层崩并帮助粘膜层清除的机制.