在马拉维 Lilongwe 的高风险社区中,台风知识,预防实践和疫苗意识
Adriano Focus Lubanga1, Akim Nelson Bwanali1, Chitemwa Moyo1,2
1Infectious Diseases and One Health, Clinical Research, Education and Management Services, P.O. Box 31045, Area 43, Lilongwe, Malawi.
概括
马拉维的社区对伤寒和预防的知识,态度和做法令人担忧地低. 有针对性的健康教育对于提高伤寒联合疫苗的认识和接种至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 伤寒发烧在马拉维构成了严重的公共卫生威胁,尤其是在水,环境卫生和卫生条件不足的地区.
- 尽管引入了伤寒联合疫苗,但关于伤寒及其预防的社区知识,态度和实践 (KAP) 的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估KAP在马拉维 Lilongwe 的高风险人群中的伤寒和预防的水平.
- 为了确定影响KAP与台风相关的社会人口统计因素.
- 为制定针对性公共卫生干预措施提供信息,以预防和控制伤寒.
主要方法:
- 在2025年5月,在城市和城市周边的 Lilongwe 进行了一项横截面的,基于社区的研究.
- 在健康信念模型的指导下,对390名参与者进行了结构化的KAP问卷调查.
- 数据分析涉及后勤回归来确定KAP结果的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 只有8.2%的受访者有足够的伤寒知识,17.7%的积极态度和6.7%的良好预防实践.
- 高龄和高等教育与更好的知识和态度相关;性别和更高的收入与改善的实践有关.
- 对于伤寒联合疫苗的认识很低 (16.7%),但64.4%的人愿意接种疫苗给他们的孩子.
结论:
- 社区KAP和伤寒疫苗意识的重大差距需要紧急干预.
- 加强卫生教育和社区宣传对于改善伤寒预防和疫苗接受至关重要.
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