"了解慢性病自我管理障碍和促进因素:由消费者领导的定性研究"
Laura E Lunardi1,2, Lisa A Matricciani2,3, Richard K Le Leu1,4
1Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service (CNARTS), Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Journal of renal care
|March 5, 2026
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 的自我管理是复杂的,受到个人,关系和系统因素的影响. 了解这些因素,特别是对于尚未透析的患者,是改善护理的关键.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 患者自我管理
- 定性研究是指质量研究.
背景情况:
- 自主管理对于减缓慢性病 (CKD) 进展和提高生活质量至关重要.
- 对于CKD自我管理的障碍和促进因素,特别是在替代疗法之前的晚期,需要进一步调查.
- 很少有研究采用了以消费者为导向的方法或综合患者和临床医生的观点.
研究的目的:
- 探索CKD自我管理的障碍和促进者.
- 从关键利益相关者的角度收集见解.
- 使用以消费者为导向的定性方法.
主要方法:
- 针对慢性病患者和来自南澳大利亚脏服务机构的临床医生的有目的抽样.
- 三次重点小组采访 (每次2小时),涉及11名消费者和6名临床医生.
- 一个与消费者共同开发的半结构面试指南,随后是对字面转录的诱导性主题分析.
主要成果:
- 六个主题出现了:患者个性,信息/教育,疾病/治疗负担,医疗保健团队服务,患者与临床医生的关系以及教学/学习策略.
- 发现的障碍包括患者的被动性,有限的CKD意识,分散的护理,不个人化的方法和痛苦.
- 促进者包括积极的态度,设定目标,信任,有效的沟通,共享决策,以人为中心的护理和护理人员的支持.
结论:
- 慢性关疾病的自我管理是由个人,关系和系统因素的相互作用所塑造的.
- 患者的自我管理受知识,情绪负担,信心和医疗保健关系的影响.
- 反映生活经验的以消费者为导向的方法可以提高自我管理支持的相关性和可接受性.
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