滑翔飞行中的稳定性转变:猎在航行间隙时从不稳定的状态转变为稳定的状态
Kiran Weston1, Huanglun Adam Zhu2, Graham Keith Taylor1
1Department of Biology, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3SZ, UK.
Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
|March 5, 2026
概括
鸟类可以动态调整翅膀和尾巴的配置,以控制飞行. 这项研究揭示了如何在稳定和不稳定的飞行状态之间进行过渡,提高机动性并为生物灵感飞机设计提供信息.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 动物飞行动力学
- 生物启发工程 生物启发工程
背景情况:
- 鸟类通过翅膀和尾巴的变形来控制飞行,使它们能够在稳定的滑翔和敏捷的机动之间进行转变.
- 之前的研究证实,鸟类可以采用稳定和不稳定的飞行配置,但飞行中的利用仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究鸟类在飞行过程中如何利用稳定和不稳定的配置.
- 分析一个自由滑翔的在翼机动期间的翅膀和尾巴配置的过渡.
主要方法:
- 观察到一个自由滑翔的哈里斯在一个翅膀拉动机动.
- 通过3D打印的鸟翼配置模型进行了风洞实验.
主要成果:
- 隐藏的翅膀配置是静态稳定的.
- 扩散配置表现出非线性升降时刻关系,允许基于升降的稳定或不稳定状态.
- 从一个不稳定的,分散的配置过渡到一个稳定的,隐藏的配置,改变它的静态边际从-25%到19%.
结论:
- 适应式飞行控制可以通过转移稳定状态来实现飞行模式之间的过渡.
- 这种动态稳定控制为飞行性能灵活性提供了洞察力.
- 这些发现可以推动生物启发的固定翼无人驾驶飞行器设计,以实现快速过渡.
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