人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种情况是否与纽约市公立学校的残疾状况不同?
Abigail J Lyons1, Mansi M Mhatre1, Kira Argenio2
1City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy (CUNY SPH), New York, New York, USA.
Vaccine
|March 5, 2026
概括
纽约市公立学校的自闭症青少年显示人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率较低. 有针对性的宣传对改善HPV疫苗接种率和预防HPV相关癌症在这个人群中至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
背景情况:
- 高的人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率是消除子宫癌和减少HPV相关疾病的关键.
- 之前的研究表明,与同龄人相比,自闭症和/或智力障碍 (ID) 的青少年的HPV疫苗接种率较低.
- 了解脆弱学生群体的疫苗接种差异对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查与没有IEP的学生相比,纽约市 (NYC) 公立学校的自闭症,ID或其他IEP疾病的学生之间的HPV疫苗接种差异.
- 用COVID-19疫苗接种作为控制结果来验证分析方法.
- 为改进HPV疫苗可访问性和接种率的有针对性的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对2022-23年纽约市13-21岁的公立学校学生进行横截面分析.
- 使用了官方疫苗接种记录和个人教育计划 (IEP) 状态.
- 采用多变量波松回归来计算根据残疾的疫苗接种状况调整的流行率 (aPR),控制社会人口统计数据.
主要成果:
- 该研究包括365,167名学生;2.5%患有自闭症,0.9%患有智障,19.2%患有其他IEP状态.
- 总体而言,HPV疫苗接种率为80.5%,COVID-19疫苗接种率为70.8%.
- 与没有IEP的学生相比,自闭症学生的HPV疫苗接种率较低 (aPR为0.89),而ID的学生的接种率相似 (aPR为1.02). 根据IEP状态,没有观察到COVID-19疫苗接种的差异.
结论:
- 有针对性的宣传和教育是必要的,以增加纽约市公立学校中患有自闭症的青少年的HPV疫苗接种.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定这一群体中HPV疫苗接种的具体障碍.
- 解决残疾青少年的疫苗接种缺口对于实现与HPV预防有关的公共卫生目标至关重要.
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