在安大略省北部农村地区获得自闭症诊断的障碍和创新:质量研究
Carly A Cermak1, Jesiqua Rapley1, Sherry Fournier2
1Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Child: care, health and development
|March 5, 2026
概括
早期诊断自闭症至关重要,但农村家庭面临重大障碍. 提高社区知识和简化服务可以帮助克服这些挑战,对于需要自闭症评估的儿童来说.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 获得医疗保健 获得医疗保健 获得医疗保健
背景情况:
- 早期识别和诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 对为儿童和家庭提供及时支持至关重要.
- 农村社区的家庭在获得ASD诊断服务方面经常遇到重大障碍.
- 地理和系统因素可能会阻碍在服务不足的地区及时获得自闭症评估.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响北安大略农村儿童获得自闭症诊断过程的障碍和促进因素.
- 从管理人员,诊断人员,临床医生和参与自闭症诊断的家长/护理人员的角度确定关键主题.
- 为改善在服务不足地区自闭症诊断服务的可访问性和效率制定战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在安大略省北部的六个地区,与52名参与者进行了半结构面试,包括经理,诊断师,临床医生和家长/护理人员.
- 采访的重点是了解在获得自闭症诊断方面的挑战和促进者.
- 两个独立的编码者对编码的成绩单进行了感应主题分析,以确定总体主题.
主要成果:
- 五个主要主题出现了: (1) 自闭症知识不足延迟了识别, (2) 复杂的系统给家庭带来了导航困难, (3) 资源有限阻碍了早期识别, (4) 人员短缺加剧了诊断过程的障碍, (5) 跨学科合作和文化响应性护理增强了评估过程.
- 在理解自闭症的差距有助于延迟识别.
- 复杂的服务系统中的导航挑战和资源限制给寻求及时诊断的家庭带来了重大障碍.
- 人员问题构成了相当大的障碍,而协作和文化敏感的方法则促进了诊断过程.
结论:
- 虽然一些挑战,如广的地理位置是固有的,其他人是通过有针对性的干预来解决.
- 建立社区对自闭症的认识和知识对于早期识别至关重要.
- 简化服务导航和促进跨学科合作是改善农村地区家庭获得自闭症诊断的关键.
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